In The Ballot or the Bullet, Malcolm X advocates for racial, economic, and social justice through the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, more black voting control, and more black local control through any means possible, including violence and the threat of it. Lyndon B. Johnson is the head of the Democratic Party. Human rights activist Malcolm X in his speech, "The Ballot or the Bullet" reiterates the injustice in America towards people of color and inspires the black community to use their power in numbers in the election (ballot) or if necessary by force (bullet). Using the comment feature in Microsoft Word, this resource includes critical commentary and analysis of the figurative and connotative meanings, rhetorical devices (logos, ethos, pathos), parallelism, allusions, themes . (The Ballot or the Bullet) Definition Parallelism (Repitition) Intentional repitition of the same grammatical structure, which may also include a repeated word or phrase, in the same structural position at least three times in nearby sentences or segments of a sentence. But, as a human being, he is also easily influenced by what others said about him. [15], The proper solution, Malcolm X said, was to elevate the struggle of African Americans from one of civil rights to one of human rights. Being a black nationalist, Malcolm X says, does not require you to give up any of your personal organizational affiliations. He points out in 'The Ballot or the Bullet' that the Supreme Court has ruled against segregation, so those trying to enforce it, including the government, are "criminals" (1964). "The Ballot or the Bullet" alienated white Americans because the media misconstrued Malcolm X's message of self-defense as a call for violence. The white politicians would come into black neighborhoods and push, press, and force it upon blacks to put them in office. This statement exemplifies how Malcolm X's thinking began to shift concerning the Civil Rights Movement after leaving the Nation of Islam and continued down this path while on his pilgrimage to Mecca. He declares himself to be a black nationalist freedom fighter.. "The time when white people can come in our community and get us to vote for them so that they can be our political leaders and tell us what to do and what not to do is long gone. [and] anti-oppression" and that, if white Americans take issue with being considered a problem, all they have to do is stop treating African Americans in those ways. They don't attack me because I'm a Muslim; they attack me 'CAUSE I'M BLACK. parallelism in the ballot or the bullet. . In The Ballot or the Bullet by Malcom X, Malcolm X advocates African Americans to take matters into their own hands by either casting their ballot to determine whos going to sit in the White House and whos going to be in the dog house (Malcom X 2). Therefore, stores in the African-American community should be run by African-Americans:[18]. Gradesaver has a complete summary of "The Ballot of the Bullet" speech readily available in its study guide for this unit. What X was trying to instill into the minds of his blacks was to be their own person. He also delivered the speech about a week later in Detroit, Michigan, on April 12, 1964. They will get change one way or another. [9] He said that President Johnson and the Democratic Party claimed to support the civil rights bill, and the Democrats controlled both the House of Representatives and the Senate, but they had not taken genuine action to pass the bill. Malcolm X advised African Americans to judiciously exercise their right . Let it be the ballot or the bullet. In America at the time The Ballot or the Bullet was given, segregation was still occurring. Due to the fear of severe punishment, blacks were scared to fight for equality; however, on April 3, 1964 in Cleveland, Ohio, one brave soul finally did. [15] He said that the people of the developing world were "sitting there waiting to throw their weight on our side" if the fight for civil rights were expanded into a human rights struggle. His views in this speech reflect the beliefs he held before completing his Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca. Nie wieder prokastinieren mit unseren Lernerinnerungen. He was also muslim. To build a more compelling case against white Americans and the political class, meant to inspire the audience to fight for their rights with any means, the speaker uses a series of language tools called rhetorical devices. "The Ballot or the Bullet" is a speech that Malcolm X first delivered at Cory Methodist Church in Cleveland, Ohio, on April 3, 1964. Some examples of rhetorical questions that help structure the speech are: The question tonight, as I understand it, is The Negro Revolt, and Where Do We Go From Here? or What Nex. Douglass received an invitation to speak at a Fourth of July celebration in his hometown, and the speech he gave called out the hypocrisy of celebrating freedom as a country while millions of its residents are enslaved. Malcolm X, a Muslim, credits Elijah Muhammed, the leader of the Nation of Islam, with making him into the man he is today. Let the world know the hypocrisy that's practiced over here. [6], When he left the Nation of Islam, Malcolm declared his willingness to cooperate with the Civil Rights Movement. In "The Ballot or the Bullet," Malcolm outlines the power of the African American vote, saying, "when white people are evenly divided, and black people have a bloc of votes of their own, it is left up to them to determine who's going to sit in the White House." Malcolm X said 1964 was an important year for African Americans because it was an election year, which gave African Americans the opportunity to demand results from the government. And this was pointed out by the Supreme Court decision. The speech was strong and inspiring, and because it was combined with his confident and sturdy speaking, he came off as a respectable and intelligent leader who knows what he wants, Malcolm X evokes emotion with the use of objectification, by specifying particular instances of exploitation, degradation, and oppression that the black community has faced. As one can probably tell from the title, Malcolm X is attempting to convince African American citizens to actively exercise their right to vote. African Americans should be "re-educated into the science of politics" in order to understand the importance and effect of the vote they cast:[12]. Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. The history of America is one of colonialism; Malcolm likens the colonists struggle against the British to that of African-Americans against white supremacy. [21], Malcolm X referred to "the type of Black man on the scene in America today [who] doesn't intend to turn the other cheek any longer",[9] and warned that if politicians failed to keep their promises to African Americans, they made violence inevitable:[22]. What does this mean? Malcolm X believed African Americans should avoid listening to politicians' false promises. By the same token, the time when that same white man, knowing that your eyes are too far open, can send another negro into the community and get you and me to support him so he can use him to lead us astray- those days are long gone too. Malcolm's purpose was to emphasize the idea that the black community needs to be . He praises the idea that they had let the government blind them for a way too long. More books than SparkNotes. In what follows, we will look at some of the most important rhetorical devices used by the speaker and how they work with the speech. Malcolm X highlights the frustrating struggle of African Americans' fight to be able to vote by mentioning John F. Kennedy's desire to force Cuba to have democratic elections. ", " And in 1964 you'll see this young black man, this new generation asking for the ballot or bullet. Malcolm X says he and other African Americans are not really Americans because they have to fight for the same rights others are given by birth. The social philosophy of black nationalism advocates for reform of the community and reconstruction of it so it is more welcoming:[18]. Let him know that it must be the ballot or the bullet.. The mood oscillates between despair, anger, and hope. Thesis: In The Autobiography of Malcolm X, Malcolm X in his telling of his life to Alex Haley uncovers the theme of positive and negative environments unearthed by the interaction of African Americans and White Americans in his life and what those kinds of environments inherently produce. You don't throw your ballots until you see a target, and if that target is not within your reach, keep your ballot in your pocket. "Those Honkies that just got off the boat, they're already Americans; Polacks are already Americans; the Italian refugees are already Americans. Rhetorical Analysis Of The Ballot Or The Bullet. This government has failed the Negro". Malcolm X thinks African Americans should join together and state their case to the United Nations as a human rights issue. 0; Create and find flashcards in record time. He says non-violence is foolish when an opponent approaches with violence. It was ranked 7th in the top 100 American speeches of the 20th century by 137 leading scholars of American public address. That is they have been politically informed then they will recognize that each election will end with the same outcome. Their eyes are coming open. He declares that religion is a personal matter, not a political one. It's time now for you and me to become more politically mature and realize what the ballot is for; what we're supposed to get when we cast a ballot; and that if we don't cast a ballot, it's going to end up in a situation where we're going to have to cast a bullet. We have to come together with warmth so we can develop unity and harmony that's necessary to get this problem solved ourselves. Rhetorical devices in The Ballot or the Bullet [ 0] Rhetorical devices To build a more compelling case against white Americans and the political class, meant to inspire the audience to fight for their rights with any means, the speaker uses a series of language tools called rhetorical devices. Like the colonists, Malcolm X is ready to fight tooth and nail for the liberation of his community, whether that means using his vote advantageously or participating in outright revolution. How does Malcolm X think the civil rights problem should be solved? Malcolm X frequently uses provocative language to incite anger in his audience, as is evident in his accusation that the white man has made a fool out of you. Here, he is utilizing the rhetorical device of pathos, or appealing to the audiences emotions, to his advantage. In the speech The Ballot or the Bullet Malcolm X utilizes antithesis, allusion, and metaphors in order to convince his audience to take a stand against segregation whether peacefully, if possible, and if not, by force. The Ballot or the Bullet Analysis Jasmine Grant Jackson State University By Any Means Necessary! When a racial powder keg goes off, it doesn't care who it knocks out of the way. Let him know that it must be the ballot or the bullet."( page 3 paragraph 3) This few but moving lines show the emotional side of how the african americans feel. "The Ballot or the Bullet" speech was delivered by Malcolm X on March 3, 1964 at Cory Methodist Church in Cleveland, Ohio. The current dispute mandate runs out on 6 May, and so the new ballot will run from 20 March until 9 May. Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan. Malcolm X analyzes why following the Democratic Party is not in the best interest of African Americans since the Democrats allow the "Dixiecrats" a place in their organization to retain power. Let it be the ballot or the bullet. Selecciona la palabra que no est relacionada. That ballot will be cast for a man of the community, who has the good of the community at heart. His speech The Ballot or the Bullet, was about black nationalism during the current election year. In frequenting stores not owned by an African-American, the money is given to another community. Land where my fathers died, land of the Pilgrim's pride, from every mountainside, let freedom ring! The speech is among the top persuasive speeches of the 20th century. Freedom or civil rebellion Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. wordsthat inspire deeply negative or deeply positive reactions. In the speech, The Ballot or the Bullet, Malcolm X urges African-Americans to fight the discrimination put towards them by using their votes to vanquish the evilness in America. Have all your study materials in one place. Understand this, it's dangerous. The economic philosophy of black nationalism promotes African-American control of the economy of the African-American community. A photograph of legislators and civil rights leaders looking on as Lyndon Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act on July 2, 1964, pixabay. Frederick Douglass escaped slavery in 1838 and eventually became a respected statesman and advisor to Abraham Lincoln. Directly or indirectly labeling those against you in a negative way. First, Malcolm X was inspirational in many aspects and his upbringing added to this aspect. The Ballot or the Bullet study guide contains a biography of Malcolm X, literature essays, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. The. balanced sentence), comparision of two unlike things using "like" or as", deliberate omission of conjunctions in a series of related clauses, "My country 'tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing. In "The Ballot or the Bullet," Malcolm X clarifies that African Americans have no inherent bias toward the white man; they are "anti-exploitation . Some of them were Christians. He acknowledges that they black people have the power to determine who is in office and who is not. [20] He reiterated his position that if the government is "unwilling or unable to defend the lives and the property of Negroes", African Americans should defend themselves. Compared to whom we are now. Create the most beautiful study materials using our templates. Through repetition of inflammatory phrases and accusatory diction both which create appeals to anger, Malcolm X effectively persuades his audience during The Ballot Or The Bullet.. Irony and sarcasm are often used in the speech to conveycriticism and making the audience realize they are victims of a biased system. Malcolm X then orders President Johnson to push through the civil rights legislation that had been floundering in Congress to avoid the dire consequences that would occur if African Americans continued to be denied them. Religious differences, he worries, might hinder solidarity in the African-American community. Despite their religious, differences, they came together. Due to the lack of government the dichotomy between african americans and the white men was still a major problem ; as African americans needed to put and end to the separation and earn civil rights. Best summary PDF, themes, and quotes. These tools make The Ballot or the Bullet more memorable and help the speaker maintain his audiences attention. Instead of crying and be depressed with his lost, he continued to study. A ballot is like a bullet. repetition of the first word of a clause at the end of the same clause, intentional repitition of 3 or more consanant sounds among nearby words, "If we don't do something real soon, I think you'll have to agree that we're going to be forced either to use the ballot or the bullet. One of the goals of the Civil Rights Movement was to end disenfranchisement of African Americans, but the Nation of Islam forbade its members from participating in the political process. . The Ballot or the Bullet study guide contains a biography of Malcolm X, literature essays, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. ", "They don't hang you because you're a Baptist; they hang you 'CAUSE YOU'RE BLACK. First he says, It. Besides, in Malcolm X biography, I learnt that, an extraordinary person has an extraordinary characteristics. A coward can sit. 5- Parallelism: Wrapping Up. THE GOVERNMENT HAS FAILED US and you walkin' around here singing "We Shall Overcome"- THE GOVERNMENT HAS FAILED US. In response to Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech, Malcolm X delivered a speech entitled "The Ballot or the Bullet". Malcolm X defines black nationalism as the philosophy that African-Americans should control the politics and the politicians in (their) own community. Economically, it means frequenting African-American owned and operated businesses, whose profit will feed back into the black community and strengthen it. The Ballot or the Bullet Literary Elements Genre Political Speech Setting and Context 1964, against a backdrop of segregation and social unrest. He contrasted civil rights, which he described as "asking Uncle Sam to treat you right", to human rights, which he called "your God-given rights" and "the rights that are recognized by all nations of this earth". Malcolm X did not believe the Democrats wanted to help African Americans achieve equal rights. The political philosophy is self-government. Well, in this situation, it teaches me that even a legend person like Malcolm X are once easily distorted by the words of the people around him. Will you pass the quiz? Malcolm X's "The Ballot or the Bullet" speech was a powerful call to action for African Americans to take a more militant approach to the civil rights movement. "When you take your case to Washington, D.C., you're taking it to the criminal who's responsible; it's like running from the wolf to the fox. "The Ballot or the Bullet" opens by addressing the differences in religious beliefs that divide the African-American community. The Black Panther Party was organized in 1966 in California to combat police brutality, and it eventually spread to many other parts of the country. . The early 1960s shocked the nation with multiple reports of violence against African Americans. . The main aim of the speech is to urge African Americans to vote, and if they do not attain equality through voting, they can use violence to fight for their rights. The speech is among the top persuasive speeches of the 20th century. In the speech, which was delivered on two occasions the first being April 3, 1964, at the Cory Methodist Church in Cleveland, Ohio[1] and the second being on April 12th 1964 at the King Solomon Baptist Church, in Detroit, Michigan. Tell him, don't wait until election time. X was a black civil rights activist who played a huge role in the black community during the mid 20th century. Malcolm stresses that the black community makes up the 80% of the Democratic Party and with that percentage they are the ones who put a democrat in the White House. "The Ballot or the Bullet" is delivered in an urgent and angry tone. Malcolm X uses strong diction along with parallelism in this speech to emphasize the problem of racial inequality in America. Malcolm X began his speech by analyzing his audience and declaring that it is time to decide whether to vote, With this discussion, he uses the appeal to pathos. Black people in America came together to receive motivation to fight for equality.In this speech Malcolm X inspires black people to take a stance and fight for their civil rights. has failed and failed and failed the works of freedom. Your vote, your dumb vote, your ignorant vote, your wasted vote put administration in Washington D.C. His repetition of your followed by a negative adjective and vote made his parallel structure apparent he used your to throw shade on african americans and how they complain about our white presidents. True. If the ballot doesn't work, Malcolm X says, then African-Americans will have to resort to the bullet. The repetition of the phrase the ballot or the bullet shows how that community of people feel about change. That they feed on the problems that the black communities are having in order to gain votes. anti-degradation . Not affiliated with Harvard College. Although their outspoken beliefs in self-defense and gun ownership branded them a militant group, they created much-needed social programs for their communities, such as health clinics and free breakfast programs. Insulting his listener is meant to stoke the listeners sense of anger and injustice, and therefore to provoke him into more direct action against white supremacy than the peaceful protests advocated for by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. are able to do. He gave this speech on April third in order to talk about both the election and how African-American people should proceed in order to benefit from the election. In doing so, the African-American community loses money and becomes poorer while the community the dollar was given to gains money and becomes richer. The first 45 seconds of "The Ballot or the Bullet" as given April 12, 1964 in Detroit. After Kennedy's assassination in November 1963, President Lyndon B. Johnson threw his support behind the civil rights bill. Work Cited "Malcolm X: The Ballot or the Bullet." American Public Media . For instance, Malcolm X suggests African Americans are living a nightmare instead of the American ideal of equa. If the word is correct, write C./ Marginalized peoples in other countries have only been successful in gaining independence when they have taken up the cause of nationalism. In the speech, he uses colorful language and straight talk to drive his messages surrounding voting rights, self-defense, and what he believed were worthwhile goals of the Civil Rights Movement home to his audience. George Washington and Patrick Henry didnt win the American revolution, the soldiers did. You can't open up a black store in a white community. When Malcolm X says "the ballot or the bullet," he reframes Patrick Henry's famous quote "Give me liberty or give me death." in "the Ballot or the Bullet" with Malcom X. what made the speaker qualified to give this speech. The purpose was to allow black people to realize the events that were happening in their lives. It took decades for the men involved to be prosecuted as FBI Director, J. Edgar Hoover, prevented their prosecution in 1968. ", "Cassius Clay can sing, but singing didn't help him to become the heavyweight champion of the world; swinging helped him become the heavyweight champion", "It's not so good to refer to what you're doing as a "sit-in." Nothing but Africans." "The Ballot or the Bullet" was delivered at a church in Cleveland, Ohio, to a crowd that included African Americans and white Americans. However, he clarifies that they have yet to see the America dream but only to experience the American nightmare (para 11). resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss thenovel. Though he holds different religious beliefs from King and Powell, all three men are united by their prodigious work as civil rights advocates. He points out that if the government can't bring whoever killed "four little girls while they were praying" to justice, then it is either unwilling to help them or entirely incapable. Malcolm X maintained his use of repetition as "communications of the passion that is satisfied by a single statement, but that beats through the pulses",[27] and this can be exemplified by his consistent use of the phrase "the ballot or the bullet". Let him go in there right now and take a moral stand right now, not later. It doesnt matter, he says, if you go to jail, because black people are already there. Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? Through his triumph and survival of the murder of his father in 1931 when he was six years old, but also educating himself in prison which he was in for seven years from the ages 21-28 (Draper 7).With this story, it inspired people in the various ethnic communities, and neighborhoods. He also references Abraham Lincoln's statement, "To give victory to the right, not bloody bullets, but peaceful ballots only, are necessary," from his speech on May 18, 1858. Analyzes how malcolm used parallelism to establish credibility amongst his predominately christian audience by . Malcolm X was a civil rights leader before he was assassinated at the age of 40. One sentence he said stuck out like a sore thumb. Acknowledge and refute opponent's argument. By contrast, Martin Luther King Jr. advocates for an engagement of Civil Disobedience by calling for nonviolent direct action which allows for African Americans to be heard by forcing their, How Does Malcolm X Use Ethos In The Ballot Or The Bullet, The Ballot or the Bullet is a speech delivered by Malcolm X in 1964. These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of The Ballot or the Bullet by Malcolm X. The black man is not born free, he is born in jail, victim of structural oppression and to the hypocrisy of a government that claims to represent the interests of all Americans. "The Ballot or the Bullet" asks African Americans to put aside their differences and work together to redefine their civil rights as human rights so they can plead their case to the United Nations. African american rights were the main concern of many people, along with government corruption and the unwillingness to help. Everything south of the Canadian border is the South, he jokes. 1964, against a backdrop of segregation and social unrest. In April 1964, in the midst of a 54 day Senate filibuster of the landmark Civil Rights Act of 1964, Malcolm X gave his famous speech, The Ballot or the Bullet. Malcolm X uses a combination of logic and emotion to appeal to his audience. These 22 million victims are waking up. Underline the word in parentheses that correctly completes the sentence. the democrats were in control of the house of representatives and the senate. Malcolm X states that achieving a resolution for the African American cause would be more likely if it was taken to the United Nations. He appeals to the crowd's sense of pride, telling them that their children won't respect them if they don't take a stand against the white man. In his, "The Ballot or the Bullet" was a public acknowledgment of. These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of The Ballot or the Bullet by Malcolm X. "The Ballot or the Bullet" further indicates a shift in Malcolm X's rhetoric, as his separation from the Nation of Islam and new, unfettered public activism prompted a change in the ways he addressed his audience. This downplaying of his religion reverberates in the context of a speech advocating for political engagement. Why was "The Ballot or the Bullet" important? In these opening paragraphs, Malcolm X calls for increased political participation and awareness in the black community. The issue of integrated communities, he claims, is moot, because as soon as African-Americans move into a white community, the whites will move elsewhere. This portion of Malcolm X's speech brings to mind Frederick Douglass's famous speech "What, to the Slave, Is the Fourth of July?" You can subscribe to whichever religious beliefs youd like, and remain a member of whichever civic organizations youd like. Malcolm X warns African-Americans against the white politicians that will come into their communities (for the first and last time, he suggests) and make false promises of equality. Malcolm X was a civil rights leader and part of The Nation of Islam. I'm not a Republican,", repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses, repitition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of the next clause, using either a familiar object or idea to compare to a less familiar idea to help the listener/reader understand, OR using a well-accepted favorable idea to compare with a less-favorable one to gain audience approval or vice versa, contrast of ideas created through parallel construction of opposite words, phrases, or clauses, "Whether we are Christians or Muslims or nationalists or agnostics or atheists" (The Ballot or the Bullet). What is meant by "the ballot or the bullet"? . Summary of Malcolm X's "The Ballot or the Bullet" speech. X's purpose is to awaken the black . Malcolms main purpose of the speech is to persuade African Americans to fight for their right to vote and to warn the U.S. government that if they restrict minorities from equality, violence will in turn take effect (Montoya 211). Which means a segregationist is breaking the law. Best summary PDF, themes, and quotes. The major conflict is between African-Americans and white supremacy, concretized in the twin issues of the upcoming election and the ongoing filibuster against the 1964 Civil Rights Act. It was very influential speech that . Only members can read the full content. He states that African Americans continue to struggle because the Democrats and Republicans work together to deny African Americans their rights. Self-determination is the key to African American success, Democrats and Republicans work together to conspire against the advancement of African Americans' rights, African Americans must join together to redefine civil rights violations as human rights violations in order to take their case to the United Nations. Malcolm X is speaking to his intended audience, which is the black community, about taking action for the Black Nationalist movement, and he also addresses his unintended audience, which is the white community and the United States government, in order to show that he is serious about the revolution and they need to act or violence, The question of the bullet or the ballot is a central component of the Civil Rights movement because it demonstrated how African Americans needed to take actions, whether it be through voting in the 1964 election or taking up arms, to defend and express their equality against those who are oppressing them. That old Uncle Tom action is outdated. 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Quot ; Malcolm likens the colonists struggle against the British to that of African-Americans against white supremacy an. To determine who is in office and who is in office and who not... Black people are already there come into black neighborhoods and push, press, and discuss thenovel of... Not require you to give up any of your personal organizational affiliations have politically! The Bullet '' with Malcom X. what made the speaker qualified to give this speech to and. Came together, anger, and discuss thenovel too long Setting and Context 1964, a! South of the 20th century by 137 leading scholars of American public Media his upbringing added to this.! Young black man, this new generation asking for the Ballot or the Bullet '' as given April 12 1964.